Ribosomes Characteristics, Function, Structure
Ribosomes: Characteristics of Ribosomes, Ribosomes Function, Ribosomes Structure, Where are Ribosomes Found?
Ribosomes: As we know, Ribosomes are found in all living cells, which serve as the site of biological protein synthesis. In the world, Ribosomes are one of the very fine particles located in Cytoplasm of all living cells, which have played a very important role in protein synthesis. Ribosomes convert signals from genetic material (DNA or RNA) into the protein chain. Generally, Ribosomes are found on the upper part or surface of the endoplasmic reticulum, in addition to those found in mitochondria and chloroplasts. Generally, all the Ribosomes link amino acids together in the order specified by RNA (mRNA) molecules. However, Ribosomes particles are consist of two important components small ribosomal subunits and large ribosomal subunits. All the small ribosomal subunits read the mRNA, and all the large ribosomal subunits join amino acids to form a polypeptide chain. Each ribosomal subunit consists of one or more ribosomal RNA (rRNA) molecules and a variety of ribosomal proteins (r-protein or rProtein. So, ribosomes and various types of associated molecules are also known as the translational apparatus. The name Ribosome was proposed created in 1958 by scientist Richard B. Roberts
History of Ribosomes: Quick Details of Ribosomes History:
The ribosome was discovered by Romanian biologist or scientist “George Palade” in the 1950s, in that time George Palade used an electron microscope for this huge discovery of ribosome and later on for this huge discovery, George Palade was awarded the Nobel Prize. However, a few years later Ribosome name was proposed by Richard B. Roberts in 1958.
Presence of Ribosomes in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotic: Ribosomes are found in both types of cells like Prokaryotes cells and Eukaryotic cells.
Presence of Ribosomes in Prokaryotes: Ribosomes are very important and special because they are generally found in both types of cells like prokaryotes cells and eukaryotes cells. While a structure such as a nucleus is only found in eukaryotes cells, however, every live cell always needs ribosomes to manufacture proteins. As we know, there are no membrane-bound organelles in prokaryotes cells that reason the ribosome float free in the cytosol in the prokaryotes cell.
Presence of Ribosomes in Eukaryotic: Ribosomes are generally found in lots of places around a whole eukaryotic cell. All the people might easily find ribosomes floating in the cytosols and those lots of floating ribosomes make proteins that will be used inside of the eukaryotic cell. However, some other ribosomes are also found on the endoplasmic reticulum. The Endoplasmic reticulum with attached ribosomes is called rough ER. It looks bumpy under a microscope. The attached ribosomes make proteins that will be used inside the eukaryotic cell and proteins made for export out of the eukaryotic cell. There are also ribosomes attached to the nuclear envelope. Those types of ribosomes synthesize proteins that are generally released into the nuclear space.
Two Pieces Make the Whole Ribosome:
There are two different pieces or subunits to each ribosome. In the eukaryotes’ cells, scientists have already identified the 60-S (large) subunits and 40-S (small) subunits. Even though each ribosome has slightly different structures in different species, their functional areas are all very similar. However, all the prokaryotic cells have ribosomes made of 50-S and 30-S subunits. It’s a small difference like structural differences between ribosomes found in the mitochondria and free ribosomes.
The function of Ribosomes (Ribosomes Function):
As we discuss in the above section of this article, Ribosomes are a cell structure that makes a protein which is one of the most required for every cell because Protein is always needed for many cell functions such as damage cell repairing or directing chemical processes and so many other important functions. As we know, Ribosomes can be found floating within the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum in the cell.
The most important thing is that the location of the ribosomes in a cell always determines what kind of protein it makes. So, if the ribosomes are floating freely throughout the cell then it will make proteins that will be utilized generally within the cell or itself. But, when the ribosomes are attached to endoplasmic reticulum parts, at that time it is referred to as rough endoplasmic reticulum or rough ER. All the Proteins generally made on the rough ER are used for usage inside the cell or outside the cell.
As we know, Proteins are an essential part of every individual cell including eukaryotes and prokaryotes cell. All types of cell (eukaryotes and prokaryotes cell) always require protein to function and carry out daily activities. Finally, we can say, ribosomes are very important for the survival of living things.
List of 5 Important Ribosomes Trivia Questions and Answers for Kids/Students:
Q. 1. Where are Ribosomes found in living cells?
a) Cytoplasm
b) Chloroplasts
c) Centrioles
d) None of These
Ans: Cytoplasm
Q. 2. When were the Ribosomes discovered?
a) 1750
b) 1950
c) 1850
d) None of These
Ans: 1950
Q. 3. Who discovered the Ribosomes?
a) Richard B. Roberts
b) Richard B. Mather
c) George Emil Palade
d) None of These
Ans: George Emil Palade
Q. 4. The name Ribosome was proposed by which scientist?
a) Albert Claude
b) Richard B. Roberts
c) Keith R. Porter
d) None of These
Ans: Richard B. Roberts
Q. 5. In which year the name Ribosome was proposed by Richard B. Roberts?
a) 1967
b) 1958
c) 1977
d) None of these
Ans: 1958
Simple Ribosome Quiz Questions and Answers (Simple Ribosome Trivia Questions and Answers):
Q. 1. What are the 2 types of ribosomes?
Ans: 70s ribosomes and 80s ribosomes
Q. 2. Do animal cells have ribosomes?
Ans: Yes, animal cells have ribosomes
Q. 3. 70s ribosomes and 80s ribosomes are present in which types of the cell?
Ans: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic cells
Q. 4. What do Ribosomes do?
Ans: Synthesize Proteins
Q. 5. Prokaryotic ribosomes are composed by what?
Ans: 65% rRNA and 35% ribosomal proteins.
Q. 6. What is the diameter of Prokaryotic ribosomes?
Ans: 20 nm (200 Å) (approx)
Q. 7. What is the diameter of Eukaryotic ribosomes?
Ans: 25 and 30 nm (250–300 Å) (approx)
28 Unique Frequently Asked Online Ribosome Trivia Questions and Answers (Ribosome Quiz Questions and Answers):
Q. 1. What is the function of the ribosome in the cell?
Q. 2. What is the main function of free ribosomes?
Q. 3. What is a ribosome made of?
Q. 4. What is the difference between 70s ribosomes and 80s ribosomes?
Q. 5. Why ribosomes are 80s?
Q. 6. What are some examples of ribosomes?
Q. 7. How do ribosomes work?
Q. 8. Why ribosomes are the best organelle?
Q. 9. How ribosomes are formed?
Q. 10. What do ribosomes produce?
List of Important Ribosomes Trivia Questions for Kids/Students:
Q. 11. Is the ribosome an organelle?
Q. 12. Do ribosomes contain DNA?
Q. 13. What are the structure and function of ribosomes?
Q. 14. How does a ribosome make protein?
Q. 15. What is the shape of a ribosome?
Q. 16. How does the ribosome know what proteins to make and make them?
Q. 17. Do all cells need ribosomes?
Q. 18. Where do ribosomes begin to translate?
Q. 19. What would most likely happen if the ribosomes in a cell were not functioning?
Q. 20. Can you live without ribosomes?
List of Hard Ribosomes Trivia Questions for Kids/Students:
Q. 21. What would happen if there were no ribosomes?
Q. 22. What happens if ribosomes are defective?
Q. 23. Do ribosomes cause Alzheimer’s?
Q. 24. Why are ribosomes not organelles?
Q. 25. Why ribosome is called protein factory?
Q. 26. Why ribosome is called the engine of the cell?
Q. 27. What is the 60s and 40s ribosome?
Q. 28. Which organelle is called the factory of ribosomes?
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